OFFICIAL SITE

 OFFICIAL SITE

 OFFICIAL SITE

      Mobilna (interventna) žandarmerija (francuski: Gendarmerie Mobile,GM) nasljeđuje tradicije pješadijske komponente žandarmerije. Svoje korijene interventne jedinice žandarmerije imaju još u počecima 19. vijeka. Sadašnje ime dobijaju 1921. godine. Osnovne su im zadaće: suzbijanje nereda i uspostava mira, nadziranje određenih teritorija, čuvanje značajnijih objekata (ambasada, stanica itd...), pomoć teritorijalnim jedinicama žandarmerije, a u skorije vrijeme i učešće u međunarodnim misijama (OPEX). Interventne jedinice žandarmerije često služe kao pojačanje ostalim jedinicama žandarmerije i nacionalne policije.

1st LEGION - ILL de FRANCE   1. LEGIJA - ILL de FRANCE

1st Légion de gendarmerie mobile - Ill de France

      The Mobile Gendarmerie (French: Gendarmerie Mobile) (GM) is a subdivision of the French Gendarmeerie. The Mobile Gendarmerie is the inheritor of the traditions of the gendarmerie's historic infantry component. Specific anti-riot units of the Gendarmerie date back to the beginning of the 19th century. The Mobile Gendarmerie was given its modern name in 1921. The GM's main missions include: riot control and ensuring the return to order, monitoring the territory and its dependencies, guarding significant points (embassies, stations, etc.), defending the territory, providing reinforcements to the departmental Gendarmerie, and, in the last few years conducting external operations (Opex). Mobile gendarmes are frequently used to reinforce Departmental Gendarmeerie and National Police units.

      Nadimak Mobilne žandarmerije je "žuti" („la jaune“) jer za razliku od teritorijalne žandarmerije koriste žute činove, tradicionalno obilježje pješadije (za razliku od konjičkih jedinica koje koriste "srebrene" ili bijele činove). Mobilna žandarmerija ima svoj poseban obučni centar "Trening centar nacionalne žandarmerije" (Centre national d'entraînement des forces de gendarmerie) u koji svake dvije godine, svaki eskadron (grupa) dolazi na po 10 dana dodatne specijalizirane obuke (suzbijanje nereda itd...). Ovaj centar nema premca u Evropi, a izgleda kao pravi grad.

      The Mobile Gendarmerie is nicknamed „la jaune“ (the yellow) because, unlike the departmental Gendarmerie, it uses golden rank insignia, which in France traditionally indicates military branches on foot (as opposed to the silver or white insignia of traditionally horse-mounted branches). The GM has a training facility, the Centre national d'entraînement des forces de gendarmerie (National Gendarmerie forces training center). Each escadron (squadron) makes an 10 days internship every 2 years, to enhance his crowd-control and riot skills in an false city. These facilities are unrivaled in Europe.

      The Mobile Gendarmerie with their 17.350 personnel are organized in: 7 Gendarmerie Areas in Metropolitan France; 25 Legions of Mobile Gendarmes including 1 armoured grouping of Anti-riot police in Versailles Satory, 123 squadrons (each one led by a captain); 1 National Gendarmerie Intervention Group (GIGN) which gathers the older GIGN, EPIGN and GSPR to form a special operations unit able to deploy a 200 men hostage rescue team to manage a major crisis and 7 special security groups.

      Eskadron mobilne žandarmerije (EGM) je sastavljen od 121 pripadnika koji čine četiri voda, jedan interventni i tri regularna. Interventni vod (Peloton d'Intervention) je samostalan unutar eskadrona. Sastoji se od 18 pripadnika, čije različite misije (privođenja, osiguranja) zahtijevaju poseban trening. Postoje dva tipa žandarmerijskih eskadrona: motorizirani, koji se prevoze kamionima ili autobusima te oklopni eskadroni u VBRG (Véhicule Blindé de Reconnaissance de la Gendarmerie) koji koriste laka oklopna vozila VBC-90 preuređena za potrebe žandarmerije.

      A mobile squadron of gendarmes (EGM) is composed of: 121 personnel, which create four platoons (one Intervention Platoon and three regular platoons). The Intervention Platoon (Peloton d'Intervention) is independent of the three other groups of a squadron. It takes part in riot control and also reinforces the departmental Gendarmerie. It is formed of 18 soldiers, whose particular missions (arrest, escort…) require specialised training. There are two types of GM squadrons: motorised squadrons carried in trucks or buses, and armoured squadrons in VBRG (Véhicule Blindé de Reconnaissance de la Gendarmerie). The VBC-90 (light armoured vehicles with 90mm guns) were adapted for this purpose.

NATIONAL GENDARMERIE INTERVENTION GROUP  -  GIGN

INTERVENTNA GRUPA NACIONALNE ŽANDARMERIJE

      Interventna grupa Nacionalne žandarmerije (Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale, skraćenica GIGN) je jedinica za specijalne operacije Francuskih oružanih snaga. Sastavni je dio Nacionalne žandarmerije i specijalizirani su za protuterorističke akcije, spašavanje talaca u Francuskoj i izvan nje. Formirani su 1973. godine, a 2007. dolazi do velike reorganizacije. U “originalni“  GIGN se uklapa Žandarmeijski padobranski skvadron (Gendarmerie Parachute Squadron - EPIGN) te još trideset žandara iz GSPR-a. Tako da je sada GIGN podijeljen u tri jedinice : Interventna jedinica (originalni GIGN), Snage za promatranje i pretraživanje (stvoreni iz sastava bivšeg EPIGN) te Jedinica za osiguranje i zaštitu (“ostatak“ EPIGN-a te žandarmi iz GSPR-a).

      Interventna grupa Nacionalne žandarmerije u svojem sastavu ima komandu, administrativnu grupu, četiri operativne jedinice (sa po dvadeset operativaca u svakoj), operativnu podršku koja uključuje pregovarača, obavještajce, veziste, snajperiste, ronioce, vodiče pasa i još neke specijalizirane grupe. Grupa za specijalnu opremu se brine da jedinici na raspolaganju budu najsuvremenija tehnička sredstva, bilo da ih kupuju ili sami dizajniraju. GIGN se godišnje poziva u akcije šezdesetak puta. Od svojeg osnivanja, grupa je učestvovala u preko 1000 operacija, oslobodila oko pet stotina taoca, privela preko 1000 optuženika te ubila 12 terorista. Od svojeg osnivanja jedinica ima devet poginulih pripadnika, dvojicu ubijenih u akciji i sedam stradalih na obuci. U akcijama su poginula i dva službena psa te jedan na obuci.

      The National Gendarmerie Intervention Group, commonly abbreviated GIGN (Groupe d'Intervention de la Gendarmerie Nationale), is a special operations unit of the French Armed Forces. It is part of the National Gendarmerie and is trained to perform counter-terrorist and hostage rescue missions in France or anywhere else in the world. The GIGN was formed in 1973. On 1 September 2007, a major reorganization took place. The original GIGN absorbed the Gendarmerie Parachute Squadron (EPIGN) and the thirty gendarmes of the GSPR to form a "new" expanded GIGN. There are now three distinct parts to the unit: Intervention force (the original GIGN), Observation & search force (from the former EPIGN) and Security & protection force (from the former EPIGN and gendarmes from the GSPR).

      The GIGN is divided into a command cell, an administrative group, four operational troops of twenty operators, an operational support troop including negotiation, breaching, intelligence, communications, marksmanship, dogs and special equipment cells. The special equipment group equips the unit with modified and high-tech equipment, by either selecting or designing it. GIGN is called about 60 times each year. Since its creation, the group has taken part in over 1000 operations, liberated over 500 hostages, arrested over 1000 suspects, and killed 12 terrorists. The unit has seen two members killed in action, and seven in training, since its foundation, and two of its dogs in action and one in training.