警察庁, Keisatsu-chō

POLICE MUSEUM TOKYO

      Zakon o policiji pod policijskim odgovornostima uključuje: "zaštitu života, osoba i imovine, prevenciju, suzbijanje i istrage zločina, privođenje osumnjičenika, kontrola prometa i održavanje javnog reda i mira". Uredba o kriminalističkoj proceduri "govori" da kada policijski službenik otkrije da je počinjeno kazneno djelo mora istražiti počinitelja i dokaze. Shodno tome, policijski službenik je ovlašten da istraži ne samo kaznena djela nego i sve ostale ilegalne radnje kažnjive japanskim zakonima. Većinu slučajeva istražuje policija te je predaje uredu javnog tužitelja na daljnji postupak.

      Osim policije još nekoliko agencija vrši istrage. Među njima su, naprimjer Japanska obalna straža i Odjel za suzbijanje opojnih droga, mada su njihove istrage omeđene u širinu, a i broj slučajeva koje oni sami obrađuju je manji. Osim kriminalističkih istraga, policija provodi i mnoge administrativne djelatnosti u održavanju javne sigurnosti. Policija takođe provodi i široki spektar aktivnosti u suradnji sa lokalnim zajednicama.

      Police responsibilities under the Police Act include “protecting life, person and property;   preventing, suppressing and investigating crimes; apprehending suspects; traffic enforcement; and, maintaining public safety and order.” The Code of Criminal Procedure states that “when a judicial police official deems an offense has been committed, he shall investigate the offender and evidence thereof.” Accordingly, the police are empowered to investigate not only penal code offenses but also all illegal acts punishable under Japan's judicial system. Most cases are investigated by the police and referred to the public prosecutor's office for prosecution. While public prosecutors are also empowered to conduct investigations, their investigations are generally supplementary. The primary duty of the public prosecutor is to determine case dispositions and prosecute defendants.

      Several other authorities such as the Japan Coast Guard and the Narcotics Control Department retain investigative powers. Their investigations are generally limited in scope, as authorized by act, and the number of cases is small. Besides criminal investigations, the police perform many administrative activities to maintain public safety and order applying various acts such as the Road Traffic Act and the Anti-Boryokudan Act. The police also conduct a wide variety of activities and maintain close contact with local communities.

TOKYO METROPOLITAN POLICE   TOKIJSKA POLICIJA

      Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department (TMPD) (警視庁, Keishichō) služi kao prefekturna policijska uprava Tokyo Metropolis. Osnovan 1874. godine, vodi ga generalni nadzornik, kojeg imenuje Nacionalno povjerenstvo za javnu sigurnost, a odobrava ga premijer. Metropolitanska policijska uprava Tokija, sa osobljem od više od 40.000 policajaca i preko 2.800 civilnog osoblja, upravlja sa 102 postaje u prefekturi. Glavna zgrada Policijske uprave Tokyo Metropolitan nalazi se u Kasumigasekiju, odjel Chiyoda, Tokio. Izgrađena 1980. godine, visoka je 18 katova, velika je zgrada klinastog oblika s cilindričnim tornjem. Lako se vidi s ulice i dobro poznata znamenitost. Zgrada sjedišta nalazi se u Sakurada Gateu, pa se figurativno naziva i "Vrata Sakurada".

      The Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department (TMPD) (警視庁, Keishichō) serves as the prefectural police department of Tokyo Metropolis. Founded in 1874, it is headed by a Superintendent-General, who is appointed by the National Public Safety Commission, and approved by the Prime Minister. The Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department, with a staff of more than 40,000 police officers, and over 2,800 civilian personnel, manages 102 stations in the prefecture. The main building of the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department is located in the Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda ward, Tokyo. Built in 1980, it is 18 stories tall, a large wedge-shaped building with a cylindrical tower. It is easily seen from the street and a well-known landmark. The HQ building is located in Sakurada Gate, so it is also metonymically called "Sakurada Gate".

OLD RANK INSIGNIAS   STARE OZNAKE ČINOVA

      *1968. godine modificirane su oznake iz 1958. godine. te nove oznake su bile malo veće i tanje od prethodnog modela. Godine 1994. uvode se nove uniforme sa novim oznakama koje su i danas u upotrebi.

       *In 1968 a modification was made of the model 1958 insignias. These new insignias were slightly larger and thinner then the previous model. In 1994 a new uniform together with new insignias were introduced and they are still in use.

Yoji-san thanks for the rank identification

JAPANESE POLICE HISTORY   POVIJEST JAPANSKE POLICIJE

      1872. godine Vlada šalje prvog generalnog nadzornika policije Toshiyoshi Kawaji-a u Evropu kako bi istražio tamošnje policijske sisteme. Vraća se slijedeće godine i 1984. g. uspostavlja kao dio Ministarstva unutarnjih poslova Tokijsku metropoliten policiju. Bila je to prva moderna policijska agencija u Japanu. Policijski sistem je bio zasnovan na Nacionalnoj policijskoj organizaciji. Nakon Drugog svjetskog rata, Zakon o policiji, iz 1948. godine kreira sistem nacionalne i lokalnih policija, sa ciljem demokratizacije i decentralizacije policije. Ipak je dolazilo do preklapanja ovlasti između lokalnih i nacionalne ruralne policije pa je amandmanom na Zakon, 1954. godine stvoren današnji policijski sustav u Japanu.

      In 1872, the government sent the first Superintendent General Toshiyoshi Kawaji to Europe to research the police system. He returned the following year and in 1874 established the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department in the Ministry of the Interior. This was the first modern police agency in Japan. The police system was based on a National Police system. In the process of the democratization of Japan after World War II, the old Police Act, enforced in 1948, had incorporated the system of public safety Commission into the police and had created a structure consisting of national and municipal police with the aim of ensuring   democratic management and decentralization of police power. The old Police Act had an epochal significance in that it had aimed at democratizing the police. However, it had institutional shortcomings such as the existence of a multitude of municipal police forces in parallel with the National Rural Police. This caused several problems. With a view to retaining the good features of the old act and remedying its institutional shortcomings, the old Police Act was amended in its entirety into the present act in 1954. Under the present Police Act, the National Police Agency was established and the present police system started.

MISCELLANEOUS   DRUGE OZNAKE

INTERNATIONAL POLICE ASSOCIATION - JAPAN SECTION   IPA - SEKCIJA JAPAN